COVID-19 in children and young adults with moderate/severe inborn errors of immunity in a high burden area in pre-vaccine era.

BACKGROUND: Information regarding inborn error of immunity (IEI) as a risk factor for severe COVID-19 is scarce. We aimed to determine if paediatric patients with moderate/severe IEI got COVID-19 at the same level as the general population, and to describe COVID-19 expression. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We included patients with moderate/severe IEI aged 0-21 years old: cross-sectional study (June2020) to determine the prevalence of COVID-19; prospective study (January2020-January2021) including IEI patients with COVID-19. Assays used: nasopharyngeal swab SARS-CoV-2 PCR and SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulins. RESULTS: Seven from sixty-five patients tested positive (prevalence: 10.7% (7%-13%)) after the first SARS-COV-2 wave and 13/15 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 had an asymptomatic/mild course. CONCLUSIONS: In our area, prevalence of COVID-19 in moderate/severe IEI paediatric patients after the first wave was slightly higher than in the general population. The majority of patients presented a benign course, suggesting a possible protective factor related with age despite IEI.

Lesiones pernióticas y acrales en España durante el confinamiento por COVID: análisis retrospectivo de 12 casos / Chilblain and Acral Purpuric Lesions in Spain during Covid Confinement: Retrospective Analysis of 12 Cases

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Enfermedad por virus Ébola: un año después / Ebola virus disease: one year later

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Perfil neuropsicológico de niños adoptados internacionalmente en Cataluña / Neuropsychological profile of internationally adopted children in Catalonia

Introducción: En los últimos años la adopción internacional ha aumentado considerablemente en nuestro país. China, Federación Rusa, Colombia y Etiopía suponen el 77% del total de las adopciones internacionales en España. Los aspectos cognitivos y conductuales son un factor muy importante para la adecuada adaptación social, familiar y escolar de estos niños. Objetivo: Describir los perfiles neuropsicológicos de un grupo de niños adoptados internacionalmente en Cataluña procedentes de China, Rusia, Colombia y Etiopía. Pacientes y métodos: Exploración neuropsicológica de 49 niños procedentes de adopción internacional (6 de origen chino, 24 de origen ruso, 13 de origen colombiano y 6 de origen etíope). Resultados: El grupo de origen chino muestra normalidad en todas las funciones evaluadas. El grupo de origen ruso presenta alteración en atención selectiva, fluencia verbal fonética, control de la impulsividad, mecánica y comprensión lectora y ortografía. El grupo de origen colombiano presenta alteración en el control de la impulsividad. El grupo de origen etíope muestra normalidad en todas las funciones evaluadas exceptuando un bajo dominio ortográfico. Conclusión: Los niños adoptados procedentes de Rusia presentan mayores dificultades neuropsicológicas que el resto. La mayoría de antecedentes previos a la adopción se desconocen, por lo que no podemos justificar el origen de estas dificultades. Algunas hipótesis relacionan el consumo materno de alcohol durante la gestación y la estancia en instituciones como posibles factores influyentes. Recomendamos la inclusión de valoraciones neuropsicológicas en los protocolos de salud de estos niños en caso de presentar signos sugestivos de trastorno cognitivo y/o conductual (AU)

Introduction: During the last years, International adoption has increased significantly in our country over the last few years. China, Russia, Colombia and Ethiopia represent 77% of international adoptions in Spain. Cognitive and behavioural aspects are very important for an adequate social, family and school integration of these children. Objective: To describe the neuropsychological profiles of a group of internationally adopted children in Catalonia from China, Russia, Colombia and Ethiopia.Patients and methods: Neuropsychological examination of 49 children from international adoption (6 of Chinese origin, 24 from Russia, 13 from Colombia and 6 of Ethiopian origin). Results: The group of Chinese origin obtained average scores of all functions evaluated. The Russian origin group was below the average for, selective attention, phonetic verbal fluency, control of impulsivity, mechanics and reading comprehension, and spelling. Scores on the impulse controlin the Colombian origin group were below average. The group of Ethiopian origin obtained average scores in all functions evaluated except for spelling difficulties. Conclusion: Children adopted from Russia have greater neuropsychological difficulties than the others. Most pre-adoption history is unknown; therefore we are unable to determine the origin of these difficulties. Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy and the institutional environment could be influencing factors in neuropsychological delay. Inclusion of neuropsychological assessment in health protocols for these children is recommended if they develop suggestive signs of cognitive and/or behavioral impairment (AU)

[Neuropsychological profile of internationally adopted children in Catalonia]. / Perfil neuropsicológico de niños adoptados internacionalmente en Cataluña.

INTRODUCTION: During the last years, International adoption has increased significantly in our country over the last few years. China, Russia, Colombia and Ethiopia represent 77% of international adoptions in Spain. Cognitive and behavioural aspects are very important for an adequate social, family and school integration of these children. OBJECTIVE: To describe the neuropsychological profiles of a group of internationally adopted children in Catalonia from China, Russia, Colombia and Ethiopia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Neuropsychological examination of 49 children from international adoption (6 of Chinese origin, 24 from Russia, 13 from Colombia and 6 of Ethiopian origin). RESULTS: The group of Chinese origin obtained average scores of all functions evaluated. The Russian origin group was below the average for, selective attention, phonetic verbal fluency, control of impulsivity, mechanics and reading comprehension, and spelling. Scores on the impulse control in the Colombian origin group were below average. The group of Ethiopian origin obtained average scores in all functions evaluated except for spelling difficulties. CONCLUSION: Children adopted from Russia have greater neuropsychological difficulties than the others. Most pre-adoption history is unknown; therefore we are unable to determine the origin of these difficulties. Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy and the institutional environment could be influencing factors in neuropsychological delay. Inclusion of neuropsychological assessment in health protocols for these children is recommended if they develop suggestive signs of cognitive and/or behavioral impairment.

[Imported malaria in children (1993-1998)]. / Malaria importada en la infancia (1993-1998).

Malaria is the world's most important parasitic infection, accounting for an estimated 300 million cases and 1.5 to 3 million deaths annually. Although it has been eradicated from temperate countries, increasing numbers of travellers visit each year tropical countries, where malaria remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Children are particularly at risk from malaria since symptoms can be especially severe and can develop rapidly. Symptoms may differ from those in adults and, as children often have febrile illnesses, malaria could not be suspected. Eleven cases of imported mala-na in children which ages was between 15 month until 13 years, were seen in the Sant Joan de D|u Hospital, Barcelona (Spain) since August 1993 until August 1998. The aetiology was in 7 cases Plasmodium falciparum and in 4 cases Plasmodium vivax, in one case we found also with the P. falciparum some forms of P. malariae. All of them experience fever and anaemia at admission and nine had splenomegaly; the evolution after the treatment was fine. Cases of imported malaria in children are increasing and it is timely to review the prevention and the management.

Malaria importada en la infancia (1993-1998) / Imported malaria in children (1993-1998)

Scanear (AU)